Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide

Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide

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Questions & Answers

Side Effects & Adverse Reactions

Cardiac Failure

In general, beta-blocking agents should be avoided in patients with overt congestive failure; however, in some patients with compensated cardiac failure, it may be necessary to utilize these agents. In such situations, they must be used cautiously.

Patients Without a History of Cardiac Failure

Continued depression of the myocardium with beta-blockers can, in some patients, precipitate cardiac failure. At the first signs or symptoms of heart failure, discontinuation of bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide should be considered. In some cases bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide therapy can be continued while heart failure is treated with other drugs.

Abrupt Cessation of Therapy

Exacerbations of angina pectoris and, in some instances, myocardial infarction or ventricular arrhythmia, have been observed in patients with coronary artery disease following abrupt cessation of therapy with beta-blockers. Such patients should, therefore, be cautioned against interruption or discontinuation of therapy without the physician’s advice. Even in patients without overt coronary artery disease, it may be advisable to taper therapy with bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide over approximately 1 week with the patient under careful observation. If withdrawal symptoms occur, beta-blocking agent therapy should be reinstituted, at least temporarily.

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Beta-blockers can precipitate or aggravate symptoms of arterial insufficiency in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Caution should be exercised in such individuals.

Bronchospastic Disease

PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOSPASTIC PULMONARY DISEASE SHOULD, IN GENERAL, NOT RECEIVE BETA-BLOCKERS. Because of the relative beta1-selectivity of bisoprolol fumarate, bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide may be used with caution in patients with bronchospastic disease who do not respond to, or who cannot tolerate other antihypertensive treatment. Since beta1-selectivity is not absolute, the lowest possible dose of bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide should be used. A beta2 agonist (bronchodilator) should be made available.

Major Sugery

Chronically administered beta-blocking therapy should not be routinely withdrawn prior to major surgery; however, the impaired ability of the heart to respond to reflex adrenergic stimuli may augment the risks of general anesthesia and surgical procedures.

Diabetes and Hypoglycemia

Beta-blockers may mask some of the manifestations of hypoglycemia, particularly tachycardia. Nonselective beta-blockers may potentiate insulin-induced hypoglycemia and delay recovery of serum glucose levels. Because of its beta1-selectivity, this is less likely with bisoprolol fumarate; however, patients subject to spontaneous hypoglycemia, or diabetic patients receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, should be cautioned about these possibilities. Also, latent diabetes mellitus may become manifest and diabetic patients given thiazides may require adjustment of their insulin dose. Because of the very low dose of HCTZ employed, this may be less likely with bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide.

Thyrotoxicosis

Beta-adrenergic blockade may mask clinical signs of hyperthyroidism, such as tachycardia. Abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockade may be followed by an exacerbation of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism or may precipitate thyroid storm.

Renal Disease

Cumulative effects of the thiazides may develop in patients with impaired renal function. In such patients, thiazides may precipitate azotemia. In subjects with creatinine clearance less than 40 mL/min, the plasma half-life of bisoprolol fumarate is increased up to threefold, as compared to healthy subjects. If progressive renal impairment becomes apparent, bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide should be discontinued. (See Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism).

Hepatic Disease

Bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function or progressive liver disease. Thiazides may alter fluid and electrolyte balance, which may precipitate hepatic coma. Also, elimination of bisoprolol fumarate is significantly slower in patients with cirrhosis than in healthy subjects. (See Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism).

Acute Myopia and Secondary Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Hydrochlorothiazide, a sulfonamide, can cause an idiosyncratic reaction, resulting in acute transient myopia and acute angle-closure glaucoma.  Symptoms include acute onset of decreased visual acuity or ocular pain and typically occur within hours to weeks of drug initiation.  Untreated acute angle-closure glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss.  The primary treatment is to discontinue hydrochlorothiazide as rapidly as possible.  Prompt medical or surgical treatments may need to be considered if the intraocular pressure remains uncontrolled.  Risk factors for developing acute angle-closure glaucoma may include a history of sulfonamide or penicillin allergy.

Legal Issues

There is currently no legal information available for this drug.

FDA Safety Alerts

There are currently no FDA safety alerts available for this drug.

Manufacturer Warnings

There is currently no manufacturer warning information available for this drug.

FDA Labeling Changes

There are currently no FDA labeling changes available for this drug.

Uses

Bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide tablets are indicated in the management of hypertension.

History

There is currently no drug history available for this drug.

Other Information

Bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide tablets USP are indicated for the treatment of hypertension. It combines two antihypertensive agents in a once–daily dosage: a synthetic beta1-selective (cardioselective) adrenoceptor blocking agent (bisoprolol fumarate) and a benzothiadiazine diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide).

Bisoprolol fumarate is chemically described as (±)-1-[4-[[-2-(1-methylethoxy)ethoxy]methyl] phenoxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-propanol(E)-2-butenedioate(2:1)(salt). It possesses an asymmetric carbon atom in its structure and is provided as a racemic mixture. The S(-) enantiomer is responsible for most of the beta-blocking activity. Its molecular formula is (C18H31NO4)2•C4H4O4 and it has a molecular weight of 766.97. Its structural formula is:

Bisoprolol Fumarate

Bisoprolol fumarate is a white crystalline powder, approximately equally hydrophilic and lipophilic, and readily soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, and chloroform.

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is 6-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide. It is a white, or practically white, practically odorless crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water, sparingly soluble in dilute sodium hydroxide solution, freely soluble in n-butylamine and dimethylformamide, sparingly soluble in methanol, and insoluble in ether, chloroform, and dilute mineral acids. Its molecular formula is C7H8ClN3O4S2 and it has a molecular weight of 297.73. Its structural formula is:

Hydrochlorothiazide

Each Bisoprolol Fumarate and Hydrochlorothiazide tablet USP 2.5 mg/6.25 mg for oral administration contains:

Bisoprolol fumarate USP…..  2.5 mg

Hydrochlorothiazide USP…. 6.25 mg

Each Bisoprolol Fumarate and Hydrochlorothiazide tablet USP 5 mg/6.25 mg for oral administration contains:

Bisoprolol fumarate USP….. 5 mg

Hydrochlorothiazide USP…. 6.25 mg

Each Bisoprolol Fumarate and Hydrochlorothiazide tablet USP 10 mg/6.25 mg for oral administration contains:

Bisoprolol fumarate USP….. 10 mg

Hydrochlorothiazide USP…. 6.25 mg

Inactive ingredients include pregelatinized starch, dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, colloidal silicon dioxide, copovidone and titanium dioxide. The 5 mg/6.25 mg tablet also contains red and yellow iron oxide. The 2.5 mg/6.25 mg tablet also contains yellow iron oxide.

Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Manufacturers


  • Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet [Blenheim Pharmacal, Inc.]
  • Rebel Distributors Corp
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Coated [Rebel Distributors Corp]
  • Pd-rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Film Coated [Pd-rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]
  • Unichem Pharmaceuticals (Usa), Inc.
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet [Unichem Pharmaceuticals (Usa), Inc.]
  • Eon Labs, Inc.
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Coated [Eon Labs, Inc.]
  • Physicians Total Care, Inc.
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Coated [Physicians Total Care, Inc.]
  • Bryant Ranch Prepack
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Coated [Bryant Ranch Prepack]
  • Bryant Ranch Prepack
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Coated [Bryant Ranch Prepack]
  • Bryant Ranch Prepack
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Coated [Bryant Ranch Prepack]
  • Bryant Ranch Prepack
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Film Coated [Bryant Ranch Prepack]
  • Aidarex Pharmaceuticals Llc
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet [Aidarex Pharmaceuticals Llc]
  • Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.
    Bisoprolol Fumarate And Hydrochlorothiazide Tablet, Film Coated [Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.]

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