Levsin
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Questions & Answers
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions
In the presence of high environmental temperature, heat prostration can occur with drug use (fever and heat stroke due to decreased sweating). Diarrhea may be an early symptom of incomplete intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with ileostomy or colostomy. In this instance, treatment with this drug would be inappropriate and possibly harmful. Like other anticholinergic agents, Levsin® may produce drowsiness or blurred vision. In this event, the patient should be warned not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery or to perform hazardous work while taking this drug.
Psychosis has been reported in sensitive individuals given anticholinergic drugs. CNS signs and symptoms include confusion, disorientation, short term memory loss, hallucinations, dysarthria, ataxia, coma, euphoria, decreased anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, agitation and mannerisms, and inappropriate affect. These CNS signs and symptoms usually resolve within 12-48 hours after discontinuation of the drug.
Legal Issues
There is currently no legal information available for this drug.
FDA Safety Alerts
There are currently no FDA safety alerts available for this drug.
Manufacturer Warnings
There is currently no manufacturer warning information available for this drug.
FDA Labeling Changes
There are currently no FDA labeling changes available for this drug.
Uses
Levsin® is effective as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of peptic ulcer. In acute episodes, Levsin® injection can be used to control gastric secretion, visceral spasm and hypermotility in spastic colitis, spastic bladder, cystitis, pylorospasm, and associated abdominal cramps. For use as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (irritable colon, spastic colon, mucous colitis) and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Also as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of neurogenic bladder and neurogenic bowel disturbances (including the splenic flexure syndrome and neurogenic colon). Parenterally administered Levsin® is also effective in reducing gastrointestinal motility to facilitate diagnostic procedures such as endoscopy or hypotonic duodenography. Levsin® may be used to reduce pain and hypersecretion in pancreatitis, in certain cases of partial heart block associated with vagal activity, and as an antidote for poisoning by anticholinesterase agents.
- IN ANESTHESIA:
- Levsin® injection is indicated as a pre-operative antimuscarinic to reduce salivary, tracheobronchial, and pharyngeal secretions, to reduce the volume and acidity of gastric secretions, and to block cardiac vagal inhibitory reflexes during induction of anesthesia and intubation. Levsin® protects against the peripheral muscarinic effects such as bradycardia and excessive secretions produced by halogenated hydrocarbons and cholinergic agents such as physostigmine, neostigmine, and pyridostigmine given to reverse the actions of curariform agents.
- IN UROLOGY:
- Levsin® injection may also be used intravenously to improve radiologic visibility of the kidneys. It is also indicated along with morphine or other narcotics in symptomatic relief of biliary and renal colic.
History
There is currently no drug history available for this drug.
Other Information
Levsin® injection (hyoscyamine sulfate injection USP) is a sterile solution containing 0.5 mg hyoscyamine sulfate per mL in water for injection.
Levsin® is one of the principal anticholinergic/antispasmodic components of belladonna alkaloids. The empirical formula is (C 17H 23NO 3) 2•H 2SO 4•2H 2O and the molecular weight is 712.85. Chemically, it is benzeneacetic acid, α-(hydroxymethyl)-,8-methyl-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1.] oct-3-yl ester, [3(S)-endo]-, sulfate (2:1), dihydrate with the following structure:
The 1 mL ampuls contain as inactive ingredients: water for injection, pH is adjusted with hydrochloric acid when necessary.
Sources
Levsin Manufacturers
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Alaven Pharmaceutical Llc
![Levsin (Hyoscyamine Sulfate) Injection, Solution [Alaven Pharmaceutical Llc]](/wp-content/themes/bootstrap/assets/img/loading2.gif)
Levsin | Alaven Pharmaceutical Llc
The dose may be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously without dilution. As with all parenteral drug products, Levsin® injection should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
Gastrointestinal DisordersThe usual adult recommended dose is 0.5 to 1 mL (0.25 to 0.5 mg). Some patients may need only a single dose; others may require administration two, three, or four times a day at four hour intervals.
Diagnostic ProceduresThe usual adult recommended dose is 0.5 to 1 mL (0.25 to 0.5 mg) administered intravenously 5 to 10 minutes prior to the diagnostic procedure.
Anesthesia Adults and pediatric patients over 2 years of ageAs a pre-anesthetic medication, the recommended dose is 5 µg (0.005 mg) per kg of body weight. This dose is usually given thirty to sixty minutes prior to the anticipated time of induction of anesthesia or at the time the pre-anesthetic narcotic or sedatives are administered.
Levsin® injection may be used during surgery to reduce drug-induced bradycardia. It should be administered intravenously in increments of 0.25 mL and repeated as needed.
To achieve reversal of neuromuscular blockade, the recommended dose is 0.2 mg (0.4 mL) Levsin® injection for every 1 mg neostigmine or the equivalent dose of physostigmine or pyridostigmine.
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Alaven Pharmaceutical Llc
Levsin | Alaven Pharmaceutical Llc
Dosage may be adjusted according to the conditions and severity of symptoms.
Adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older: 1 to 2 tablets every four hours or as needed. Do not exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours.
Pediatric patients 2 to under 12 years of age: ½ to 1 tablet every four hours or as needed. Do not exceed 6 tablets in 24 hours.
![Levsin (Hyoscyamine Sulfate) Tablet [Alaven Pharmaceutical Llc]](http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/image.cfm?setid=32388e18-08de-455c-aad4-9c2264435f0f&name=levsin-figure-02.jpg)
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