Nuedexta
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Uses
Escitalopram oral solution, USP is indicated for the acute and maintenance treatment of major depressive disorder in adults and adolescents 12 to 17 years of age [see Clinical Studies (14.1)].
A major depressive episode (DSM-IV) implies a prominent and relatively persistent (nearly every day for at least 2 weeks) depressed or dysphoric mood that usually interferes with daily functioning, and includes at least five of the following nine symptoms: depressed mood, loss of interest in usual activities, significant change in weight and/or appetite, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, increased fatigue, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, slowed thinking or impaired concentration, a suicide attempt or suicidal ideation.
Escitalopram oral solution, USP is indicated for the acute treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in adults [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (DSM-IV) is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) that is persistent for at least 6 months and which the person finds difficult to control. It must be associated with at least 3 of the following symptoms: restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating or mind going blank, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance.
History
There is currently no drug history available for this drug.
Other Information
Escitalopram oxalate, USP is an orally administered selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Escitalopram is the pure S-enantiomer (single isomer) of the racemic bicyclic phthalane derivative citalopram. Escitalopram oxalate, USP is designated S-(+)-1-[3-(dimethyl-amino)propyl]-1-(p-fluorophenyl)-5-phthalancarbonitrile oxalate with the following structural formula:
•C2H2O4
The molecular formula is C20H21FN2O • C2H2O4 and the molecular weight is 414.40.
Escitalopram oxalate, USP occurs as a fine, white to slightly-yellow powder and is freely soluble in methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), soluble in isotonic saline solution, sparingly soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate, and insoluble in heptane.
Escitalopram oxalate, USP is available as an oral solution.
Escitalopram oral solution, USP contains escitalopram oxalate, USP equivalent to 1 mg/mL escitalopram base. It also contains the following inactive ingredients: anhydrous citric acid, glycerin, malic acid, methylparaben, natural peppermint flavor, propylene glycol, propylparaben, purified water, sodium citrate and sorbitol.
Sources
Nuedexta Manufacturers
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Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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Nuedexta | Amneal Pharmaceuticals Of New York, Llc
Escitalopram oral solution, USP should be administered once daily, in the morning or evening, with or without food.
2.1 Major Depressive DisorderInitial Treatment
Adolescents
The recommended dose of escitalopram oral solution, USP is 10 mg once daily. A flexible-dose trial of escitalopram oral solution, USP (10 to 20 mg/day) demonstrated the effectiveness of escitalopram oral solution, USP [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. If the dose is increased to 20 mg, this should occur after a minimum of three weeks.
Adults
The recommended dose of escitalopram oral solution, USP is 10 mg once daily. A fixed-dose trial of escitalopram oral solution, USP demonstrated the effectiveness of both 10 mg and 20 mg of escitalopram oral solution, USP, but failed to demonstrate a greater benefit of 20 mg over 10 mg [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. If the dose is increased to 20 mg, this should occur after a minimum of one week.
Maintenance Treatment
It is generally agreed that acute episodes of major depressive disorder require several months or longer of sustained pharmacological therapy beyond response to the acute episode. Systematic evaluation of continuing escitalopram oral solution, USP 10 or 20 mg/day in adult patients with major depressive disorder who responded while taking escitalopram oral solution, USP during an 8-week, acute-treatment phase demonstrated a benefit of such maintenance treatment [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Nevertheless, the physician who elects to use escitalopram oral solution, USP for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient. Patients should be periodically reassessed to determine the need for maintenance treatment.
2.2 Generalized Anxiety DisorderInitial Treatment
Adults
The recommended starting dose of escitalopram oral solution, USP is 10 mg once daily. If the dose is increased to 20 mg, this should occur after a minimum of one week.
Maintenance Treatment
Generalized anxiety disorder is recognized as a chronic condition. The efficacy of escitalopram oral solution, USP in the treatment of GAD beyond 8 weeks has not been systematically studied. The physician who elects to use escitalopram oral solution, USP for extended periods should periodically re-evaluate the long-term usefulness of the drug for the individual patient.
2.3 Special Populations10 mg/day is the recommended dose for most elderly patients and patients with hepatic impairment.
No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment. Escitalopram oral solution, USP should be used with caution in patients with severe renal impairment.
2.4 Discontinuation of Treatment with Escitalopram Oral Solution, USPSymptoms associated with discontinuation of escitalopram oral solution, USP and other SSRIs and SNRIs have been reported [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. Patients should be monitored for these symptoms when discontinuing treatment. A gradual reduction in the dose rather than abrupt cessation is recommended whenever possible. If intolerable symptoms occur following a decrease in the dose or upon discontinuation of treatment, then resuming the previously prescribed dose may be considered. Subsequently, the physician may continue decreasing the dose but at a more gradual rate.
2.5 Switching a Patient To or From a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Intended to Treat Psychiatric DisordersAt least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders and initiation of therapy with escitalopram oral solution, USP. Conversely, at least 14 days should be allowed after stopping escitalopram oral solution, USP before starting an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders [see Contraindications (4.1)].
2.6 Use of Escitalopram Oral Solution, USP with Other MAOIs such as Linezolid or Methylene BlueDo not start escitalopram oral solution, USP in a patient who is being treated with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue because there is an increased risk of serotonin syndrome. In a patient who requires more urgent treatment of a psychiatric condition, other interventions, including hospitalization, should be considered [see Contraindications (4.1)].
In some cases, a patient already receiving escitalopram oral solution, USP therapy may require urgent treatment with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. If acceptable alternatives to linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are not available and the potential benefits of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are judged to outweigh the risks of serotonin syndrome in a particular patient, escitalopram oral solution, USP should be stopped promptly, and linezolid or intravenous methylene blue can be administered. The patient should be monitored for symptoms of serotonin syndrome for 2 weeks or until 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue, whichever comes first. Therapy with escitalopram oral solution, USP may be resumed 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
The risk of administering methylene blue by non-intravenous routes (such as oral tablets or by local injection) or in intravenous doses much lower than 1 mg/kg with escitalopram oral solution, USP is unclear. The clinician should, nevertheless, be aware of the possibility of emergent symptoms of serotonin syndrome with such use [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
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